Package binder



April 3, 1934.

s. A. PEcK PACKAGE BINDER Filed Dec. 2s, 1931 Patented Apr. 3, 1934 UNITED. STATES PACKAGE BINDER Samuel A. Peck, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Signode Steel strapping Company, Chicago, Ill., i a corporation of Delaware Application December 26, 1931, Serial No. 583,329 i4 claims. (ol. 91-68) This invention relates to package binders and particularly to binders which are intended to be employed in binding packages, either individual packages or an assembly of packages.

5 In the normal use of such binders, the binder -is applied around the package or assembly of packages and is tensioned by suitable devices, whereafter the ends of the binder are secured together in suitable manner. During the ten- O sioning the binder bears upon the corners or other projectingportions of the packages and slides thereover with very great pressure. In certain well known forms of tensioning devices employed in connection with strap binders, porl tions of the strap are located in superposed relation, between gripping surfaces which apply a considerable pressure upon the straps. One of .these gripping surfaces is adapted to be moved so as to apply considerable tension to the'strap and to cause one strap to slide over the other.

Examples'of such stretching or tensioning tools are illustrated in United States patents to Flora,

No. 1,149,569, dated August 10, 1915'and to Guenther, No. 1,453,564, dated May 1, 1923.

In order to secure the superposed portions of the strap together, they are deformed in suitable manner with or without a sleeve being applied thereto, this operation being ltermed the sealing step. In a well known form of seal the ,straps are crimped together laterally so as to {provide them With-complementary inclined surfaces which oppose relative movement between the straps in the longitudinal direction. These surfaces are formed with relatively slight movement between the contiguous surfaces' of the straps. Examples of such seal-joints are illustrated in United States patents to Flora, No.

1,252,680 dated January 8, 1918 and to Leslie, No.

1,445,330, dated February 13, 1923.

l One of the objects of the invention is to provide a strap having a normally high coefficient of L friction soas to materially improve the efficiency of the engagement between the strap surfaces in such a seal.

l A further object of the invention is to provide an improved binder having a surface'coating which effectively protects the binder against corrosion. Y

A further object of the'invention is to provide a. binder having a coating which has a normally high coeicient of friction'and which is adapted to break down when subjected to slippage under high pressure so as to substantially lower its coefficient of friction.

A further object of the invention is to provide -drying oils. I prefer, however, to employ a' suita binder having a coating which has a normally high coeiiicient of friction, which is capable of withstanding relatively slight slippage 4without effecting said `coeflicient of friction, and which is adapted to break down under the action of G0 slippage under high pressure so as to substantially reduce its coemcient of friction.

Other objects, advantages, and capabilities of the invention will hereinafter appear from the following description of preferred embodiments of thev invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a strap embodying myfinvention, on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 2 'is a plan view showing the overlapping 70 straps secured together by a seal of known type;

Fig. 3 is an elevation thereof;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken onthe line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5--5 'Il of Fig. 3; and l Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a wire binder embodying the invention. Y

In accordance with the invention I provide a steel strap 10 with a coating 11 of a suitable mate- 90 rial having a surface of substantial coefllcient of friction. This coating encloses particles of soli lubricating material 12.

Among the materials of which I may forni the coating 11 are lacquers, varnishes, and dried oils. 85 I may'form the coating from natural or artificial able mineral oil which Iis dried by heat treatment so as to leave a residue providing a protective coating having the desired high coefficient of friction. To obtain this result, I prefer to employ a crude asphalt base oil and have obtained excellent .results with such an oil having a specific gravity about 0.94.

' Among the solid lubricants-which I may employ I might mention talc and graphite. The solid lubricant is mixed with the coating material in its initial liquid state and is preferably in finely divided condition. I have obtained. excellent results by using deflocculated graphite.

In order to facilitate complete-understanding of the invention I give the following specific example. `An asphalt base crude oil having a specic gravity of 0.9434 normally used as a coloring oil in steel finishing, was mixed with a commercial concentrated colloidal suspension of graphite in a crude oil so as to produce a mixture containing approximately 0.1% of graphite. The steel strap was passed through a bath of this mixture and excess liquid was removed from th'e strap by wip- 110 ers or brushers. The strap was then passed through a muflle furnace in which it was subjected to a temperature of about 1100 for about forty seconds. This treatment completely dried the oil by the evaporation of all volatile matter with a minimum of oxidation." The strap, in finished condition, had a coating of dry, hard, brown residue which had a thickness of about 5/ 10000 of an inch. The surface of this coating possessed a coefficient of friction substantially higher than that of steel straps finished in the normal way. The particles of graphitewere sealed within the coating and had no apparent effect upon the coefficient of friction of its surface.

Wire binders such as shown at 13may be coated in the same way, thecoating and solid lubricant particles being indicated by the same reference numerals in this figure.

In the form of seal illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 the overlapping portions of the strap 10 have applied thereto a clip 14 which is provided withl flanges 15 which extend below the lower strap. At two intermediate positions, the clip 14 and the straps are deformed by suitable sealing machines in the manner shown in Fig. 5. The center of the clip and the portions of the strap engaged thereby are substantially undeformed, as will readily be seen in Fig. 4. From a comparison of Figs. 4 and 5 it will immediately be understood that there is substantially no slippage duringthe sealing operation between the contiguous strap surfaces and between the outer strap surfaces and the contiguous surfaces of the clip. Consequently the strap coating is not broken down at the sealing position and-the high coeicient of friction provided by my improved coating is undisturbed. In particular it is to be noted that there is no slippage whatever in the arched portion 16 of the seal and it is here that the maximum friction is obtained. The high coefficient of friction provided by my improved coating enhances'the frictional resistance provided by these inclined surfaces so as to result in a much more satisfactory seal than has been heretofore obtained with ordinary straps.

As heretofore explained, when the strap is subjected to substantial slippage under high pressure, for example in contact with the corners or projecting portions of the package, or in certain types of stretching machines, the coating breaks down` and the solid lubricant is liberated, thereby facilitating tensioning and insuring a more equal condition. of tension throughout the length of the strap.

In the case of wire bindings, substantially the 'same advantages are obtained. Wire bindings are these surfaces is preserved, thus providing a more satisfactory tying. At the corners of packages and other positions where the wire is subjected to substantial pressure and slippage, the coating breaks down and the liberated solid lubricant facilitates the movement of the wire. Although the invention has been disclosed in connection with the specific details of preferred embodiments thereof, it must be understood that such details are not intended to be limitative of the invention, except-insofar as set forth in the accompanying claims. y

Having thus described my invention, what I i claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. A metal binder'for packages having a protective coating of high coefficient vof friction, said coating being adapted to break down when subjected to substantial slippage under high pressure, and solid lubricant distributed in said coating adapted to be liberated, when the coating breaks down, in sufficient quantity to provide the binder with-,a low coeicient of friction.

2. A metal binder for packages having a protective coating of high' coefficient of friction, and solid lubricant particles enclosed within said coating, said coating being adapted to break down when subjected to slippage under high pressure to liberate said particles and said particles being present in sufcient quantity to provide the broken down coating with a low coeflicient of friction. Y

3. A metal binder for packages having a coating of dried oil of high coefficient of friction and solid lubricant particles distributed within'said coating in suii'icient quantity to render the coating, when broken down by abrasion, of low coefficient of friction.

4. A metal binder for packages having a hard residual' asphaltic coating of high coefficient of friction, and solid lubricant particles distributed within said coating.

5. A metal binder for packages having a coating of dried oilof high coelcient of friction and solidv graphite particles distributed within -said coating in sufficient quantity to render the coating, when broken down by abrasion, of low coeicient of friction.

6. A metal binder for packages having a hard residual asphaltic coating of high coefficient of friction,l and solid graphite particles distributed within said coating.

7. The method of coating a metal binder for packages which comprises adding finely divided solid lubricant to a liquid coating material, coating the binder with the mixture, and drying the liquid material to produce a surface of high coemcient of friction, said solid lubricant being added in sufficient quantity that it imparts a low coeflicient of friction to the coating when broken down by abrasion.

8. 'I'he method of coating a metal binder for packages which comprises adding finely divided graphite to a liquid coating material, coating the binder with the mixture, and drying the liquid material to produce a surface of high coefficient of friction, said graphite being added in sufficient quantity that it imparts a low coefficient of fric-v tion to the coating when broken down by abrasion.

'9. The method of coating a metal binder for packages which comprises adding a suspension of deocculated graphite to a liquid coating material, coating the binder with the mixture, and drying the liquid material to produce a surface of high coefficient of friction, said deiiocculated graphite being added in suflicient quantity that it imparts a low coefficient of friction to the coating when broken down by abrasion.

10. The method of coating a metal binder fo en l applied material to leave a hard residual coating of high coeiicient of friction, said deflocculated graphite being added in sufcient quantity that it imparts a low coefficient of friction to the coating when broken down by abrasion.

13. A metal binder for packages having a hard residual asphaltic `coating of high coefficient of friction, and solid lubricant particles distributed within said coating in suicient quantity to prolvide the coating with a low coeicient of friction when it is broken down by abrasion.

14. A metal binder for packages having a hard residual asphaltc coating of high coefficient of friction, and solid graphite particles distributed within said coating in sufficient quantity to render the coating, when broken down by abrasion, of low coefficient of friction.

SAMUEL A. PECK. 

